Региональный офис Всемирной организации здравоохранения
Исследование эффективности укрепляющей дозы COVID-19 среди медработников Албании
Таблица выше предоставляет данные о возрастных группах, распределении по полу, хронических заболеваниях, должности/роли в больнице, размере семьи, статусе вакцинации от COVID-19 и предыдущем статусе инфекции среди медицинских работников (МР). Информация была собрана во время периода набора на исследование с февраля по май 2021 года.
Коронавирусная инфекция среди медицинских работников
Данные о случаях инфекции вирусом тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома коронавируса 2 (SARS-CoV-2) среди медицинских работников по неделям с 1 января по 31 мая 2022 года.
A, Симптоматические инфекции SARS-CoV-2, разделенные по статусу вакцинации и типу подтверждающего теста, по неделям.
B, Все инфекции SARS-CoV-2, разделенные по наличию симптомов, по неделям.
Сокращения: HCW — медицинские работники; PCR — полимеразная цепная реакция; RAT — быстрый антигенный тест; SARS-CoV-2 — тяжелый острый респираторный синдром коронавируса 2.
Вакцинальная эффективность против симптоматической PCR- или RAT-подтвержденной инфекции SARS-CoV-2
Оценка вакцинальной эффективности (VE) в рамках первичной вакцинальной серии и дополнительной дозы против симптоматической инфекции тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома коронавируса 2 (SARS-CoV-2), конфирмированной полимеразной цепной реакцией (PCR), PCR-подтвержденной или RAT-подтвержденной симптоматической инфекции SARS-CoV-2, а также любой (асимптоматической или симптоматической) инфекции SARS-CoV-2, подтвержденной PCR, RAT или сероконверсией.
Точки указывают на оценку; линии указывают на доверительный интервал 95%; синие линии — эффективность первичной серии вакцинации; розовые и темно-красные линии — эффективность дополнительной дозы.
Вакцинальная эффективность первичной вакцинальной серии и дополнительной дозы против инфекции SARS-CoV-2 в период преобладания вариантов Омикрона (BA.1 и BA.2), и относительная эффективность дополнительной дозы по сравнению с первичной серией вакцинации, Албания, 1 января — 31 мая 2022 года.
Статус вакцинации | Количество медицинских работников | Общее количество дней за период | Подтвержденная инфекция PCR | Подтвержденная инфекция RAT | Сероконверсия | Все инфекции | Не скорректированное HR (95% CI) | Скорректированное HR (95% CI) | VE, %(95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Первичная серия вакцины | |||||||||
Любая вакцина | 1108 | 128525 | 631182 | 156 | 0,86 (.53–1.39) | 0.81 (.49–1.34) | 19 (-34 до 51) | ||
BNT162b2 | 972 | 112800 | 591066 | 135 | 0,86 (.53–1.40) | 0.83 (.50–1.38) | 17 (-38 до 50) | ||
Дополнительная доза | 282 | 6621 | 24750 | 13 | 0,55 (.28–1.10) | 0.30 (.11–.81) | 70 (19–89) | ||
BNT162b2 | 215 | 25308 | 5013 | 18 | 0,57 (.29–1.13) | 0.31 (.12–.82) | 69 (18–88) |
Сокращения: CI — доверительный интервал; HCWs — медицинские работники; HR — коэффициент риска; PCR — полимеразная цепная реакция; RAT — быстрый антигенный тест; VE — вакцинальная эффективность.
Скорректировано для места госпитализации, времени с момента предыдущей инфекции, возраста, пола и размеров домохозяйства.
Участники пригодны для дополнительной дозы.
Вакцинальная эффективность против любой (асимптоматической и симптоматической) инфекции SARS-CoV-2
Primary series VE against any SARS-CoV-2 infection was 19% (95% CI, −34% to 51%) overall and 17% (95% CI, 38%–50%) for BNT162b2 only. Booster dose VE was 70% (95% CI, 19%–89%) overall and 71% (95% CI, 18%–90%) for BNT162b2 only (Table 2, Figure 2). Among participants eligible for booster vaccination, the rVE of any first booster dose against any SARS-CoV-2 infection was 36% (95% CI, −7% to 62%) and the rVE of BNT162b2 booster compared to BNT162b2 primary series was 30% (95% CI, −18% to 59%).
Compared to HCWs who received the primary vaccine series and had no evidence of prior infection, rVE of a primary vaccine series combined with prior infection was 79% (95% CI, 69%–85%), rVE of booster dose without a prior infection was 47% (95% CI, −21% to 77%), and rVE of a booster dose combined with prior infection was 87% (95% CI, 73%–94%) (Table 3).
Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Booster Dose Compared to Primary Vaccine Series Against Any Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection During a Period of Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) Predominance, Stratified by Previous Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection, Albania, 1 January–31 May 2022
Vaccination StatusNo. of HCWsTotal Person-time, dPCR-Confirmed InfectionRAT-Confirmed InfectionSero- conversionAll InfectionsUnadjusted HR (95% CI)Adjusted HRa (95% CI)VE, %(95% CI)
Vaccinated (2 doses only)/no previous infection1109605713644RefRefRef
Vaccinated (2 doses only)/previous infection973110 677441040940.22 (.16–.32)0.21 (.15–.31)79 (69–85)
Vaccinated (3 doses)/no previous infection34389910780.51 (.23–1.09)0.53 (.23–1.21)47 (−21 to 77)
Vaccinated (3 doses)/previous infection19422 722406100.13 (.06–.27)0.13 (.06–.27)87 (73–94)
Vaccinated (2 doses only)/no previous infection938511512834RefRefRef
Vaccinated (2 doses only)/previous infection85397 51041934840.25 (.17–.38)0.25 (.17–.37)75 (63–83)
Vaccinated (3 doses)/no previous infection33377410780.61 (.27–1.35)0.64 (.27–1.50)36 (−50 to 73)
Vaccinated (3 doses)/previous infection18221 534406100.16 (.07–.35)0.16 (.07–.36)84 (64–93)
aAdjusted for hospital site, age, and sex.
Change in VE by Time Since Vaccination
For the primary vaccine series, compared to unvaccinated HCWs, VE against symptomatic PCR-confirmed infection was 0% (95% CI, −148% to 60%) for participants who had received their second dose within 14–179 days and 41% (95% CI, −26% to 72%) for those who had received their second doses ≥180 days. VE against PCR- or RAT-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was 19% (95% CI, −93% to 66%) within 14–179 days and 45% (95% CI, −12% to 73%) ≥180 days (Table 4).
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection During a Period of Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) Predominance by Time Since Receiving Primary Vaccine Series, Albania, 1 January–31 May 2022
Vaccination StatusNo. of HCWsTotal Person-time, dPCR-Confirmed InfectionRAT-Confirmed InfectionAll InfectionsUnadjusted HR (95% CI)Adjusted HRa(95% CI)VE, % (95% CI)
Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infections detected by PCR by time since vaccination
Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection detected by PCR or RAT by time since vaccination
2nd dose 14–179 d ago (any vaccine)23919 124130130.76 (.33–1.73)0.81 (.34–1.93)19 (−93 to 66)
2nd dose ≥180 d ago (any vaccine)1018120 150498570.59 (.32–1.12)0.55 (.27–1.12)45 (−12 to 73)
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCWs, healthcare workers; HR, hazard ratio; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RAT, rapid antigen test; SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; VE, vaccine effectiveness.
aAdjusted for hospital site, previous infection, age, and sex.
Supplementary Data
are available at Open Forum Infectious Diseases online. Consisting of data provided by the authors to benefit the reader, the posted materials are not copyedited and are the sole responsibility of the authors, so questions or comments should be addressed to the corresponding author.
Notes
Author contributions. S. B., M. A. K., and R. P. conceived the cohort study on which this analysis is based. I. P., I. H., J. S., A. F., R. D., A. V., M. K., M. A. K., and S. B. planned and implemented the study, including development of study protocols, data quality checks, and acquisition of data. I. F., M. A. K., and S. B. conceived the article. I. F. drafted the manuscript and performed the literature search. M. Y. R. C., with support from E. K., performed the data analysis. J. S., M. Y. R. C., and E. K. directly accessed and verified the raw data and take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the analyses. I. H., B. M., and C. D. performed laboratory analysis of study samples. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the results and critically revised the manuscript. All authors had full access to all the data reported in the study and accept responsibility to submit the manuscript for publication.
Acknowledgments. The authors thank Jörn Beheim-Schwarzbach, Victor M. Corman, and Terry C. Jones (Institute of Virology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; and German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Charité, Berlin, Germany); and Marta Valenciano and Alain Moren (Epiconcept, France).
Disclaimer. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the CDC or the WHO.
Financial support. This study was funded by Task Force for Global Health and World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe.
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Author notes
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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